Golden bamboo lemurs are social animals among themselves, living in groups within large territories of up to 80 hectares, though they seldom travel more than 1,312 feet (400 meters) in a single day! They are primarily arboreal, spending a majority of their time in trees. They travel using several techniques. The golden bamboo lemur’s anatomy is adapted for vertical clinging and leaping, with strong hind limbs and long, flexible spines. They are particularly adept at moving vertically among bamboo stalks. They walk quadrupedally (with all four limbs) when they are on flatter, more horizontal surfaces.

These lemurs are mostly active during the early mornings and late afternoons, making them crepuscular. Some research data suggests that they may also be active during daylight or at night, which would also classify them as cathemeral. A good deal of their daily routine is spent at rest, with most of the remainder of their time foraging and eating.

They form strong bonds within their small groups of mated pair and their offspring, using grooming, scent-marking, and vocal calls to communicate and strengthen their connections with each other. It is suspected that, like their bamboo lemur relatives, they may engage in latrine behavior, with the group using the same spot for defecation repeatedly. Their natural predators are not well documented, but their shy, quiet demeanor and preference for dense forest habitats suggest a reliance on camouflage and avoidance to stay safe.